Vitamins are natural substances essential for growth and development of the human body. Consumption of the right kind of food ensures a sufficient supply of vitamins. However, there are times, such as during pregnancy and childhood, when the body needs more vitamins than usual. A dosage of multivitamins is necessary to make up for the deficiency. Multivitamins are preparations of more than one vitamin and are usually in the form of tablets or liquid that can be taken orally or injected.

Multivitamins correct dietary imbalances, but it is a good idea to exercise caution prior to consumption. Pregnant women should consult a doctor before taking any multivitamins. Cases of severe vitamin and mineral deficiencies require medical treatment and cannot be supplemented just by multivitamins.

Multivitamins like vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin B6, iron and potassium can prove toxic if taken in extremely large doses. Certain medical conditions and medications react adversely to multivitamins.

As multivitamins have been classified dietary supplements by the United States Department of Agriculture, multivitamins do not undergo the same testing procedures as pharmaceutical drugs. Only those multivitamins that contain very high doses of vitamins or minerals require a prescription.

Multivitamins are usually taken once a day. Prior to taking multivitamins, a consumer must inform the doctor or the pharmacist of any allergies they have. The doctor should also be made aware of any other prescription or nonprescription medications. Side effects from multivitamins are uncommon, but can occur. Side effects include an upset stomach or an unpleasant taste in the mouth.

Sometimes it is difficult to obtain all of the vitamins, minerals and other nutrients that the body and its muscles need through diet alone. Multivitamins, when used with care and attention to standard dosage practice, can be an effective and reliable alternative.